post-normal science
AI and research integrity
Does AI pose a threat to research integrity? To answer this question, I would like to take a brief tour through the concepts of normal science (Kuhn 1962) and big science (De Solla Price 1962).
complexity
Why complexity matters
Why write a blog about complexity and science for policy? Because complexity matters for science advice to policy. Complex systems may lead to a situation in which science cannot provide all answers. Complexity refers to situations in which “the whole is different from the sum of its parts”, because of emerging properties at different scales of analysis. This situation is challenging for governance, because providing evidence on “the parts” will lead to different decisions than providing evidence on “the whole”.